Evidence-led vulnerability intelligence · 2026-10-28 03:47 IST

CVE-2026-57192

Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an authenticated attacker may cause a heap buffer overflow through an out-of-bounds write in the `Codec2` decoder caused by a `floor/ceil sample-count mismatch`. The `codec_codec2` module must be loaded and `Codec2` must be configured on the attacked endpoint. The attacker must pass SIP authentication by username/password or `source IP address matching`, establish a call using `Codec2`, and send carefully crafted `Codec2` audio packets. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3.

MEDIUM · 6.0

Executive briefing

The source record describes: Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an authenticated attacker may cause a heap buffer overflow through an out-of-bounds write in the `Codec2` decoder caused by a `floor/ceil sample-count mismatch`. The `codec_codec2` module must be loaded and `Codec2` must be configured on the attacked endpoint. The attacker must pass SIP authentication by username/password or `source IP address matching`, establish a call using `Codec2`, and send carefully crafted `Codec2` audio packets. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3. The practical risk depends on whether an affected product/version is present, reachable and configured in an exploitable way. Review the affected-product evidence and linked vendor advisories before assigning exposure status.

Assessment: Potential exposure only — validate the installed product, exact version, configuration and vendor applicability before treating an asset as confirmed vulnerable.

Evidence confidence: Limited Evidence-derived, not an exploitability verdict

Severity & attack characteristics

6.0 / 10 · 4.0

CVSS vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Attack vectorN

Attack complexityL

Attack requirementsP

Privileges requiredL

User interactionN

ScopeX

Technical explanation & impact

The technical mechanism is not expanded beyond the source description unless a referenced advisory supplies additional evidence. Read the linked vendor/CERT advisories for root-cause detail.

Potential impact must be interpreted from the published CVSS impact metrics and the affected component. A CVSS impact score is not proof that a particular asset is exploitable.

Weakness classification

CWE-125CWE-131CWE-787

Affected products and versions

NVD has not supplied machine-readable vulnerable CPE product/version entries for this CVE. This is an information gap, not proof that no products are affected. Check the vendor advisory references below.

Remediation & validation

Identify exposure by comparing the affected product and version ranges with your asset inventory, SBOM and externally exposed services.
Review the linked vendor security advisory or patch notes. Upgrade to a vendor-confirmed fixed release; do not infer a fixed version from the CVE description.
Until patched, consider restricting network access or disabling the affected feature where operationally safe. These are temporary controls, not a substitute for a vendor fix.
Validate the remediation with a version check and vulnerability rescan, then retain change evidence.

No fixed version is displayed unless it is explicitly established by a vendor advisory. Follow the vendor's release notes for exact product and branch applicability.

Vendor advisories, patches & exploit references

https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/02e2d8d51efe1f811f2929224339cb1a35ffc079 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/4f5cad0611c67638a0a61cfedbe645045da8dd56 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/9b085d48fb66e90a0740ea59e26840421fd07acb VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/a0bc717b2261f4df7cdecc22b58a5fffbd1aa398 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/a2f1cc611f7d0f21faa03e8535009df3041c434c VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/aa40bc599a8e628859ef1c4fc944261423ceac0d VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/commit/d4ccfd55ffd7cf6d73a6e5cde347a7464c301006 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/releases/tag/20.20.1 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/releases/tag/21.12.3 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/releases/tag/22.10.1 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/releases/tag/23.4.1 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/releases/tag/certified-20.7-cert11 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/releases/tag/certified-22.8-cert3 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/security/advisories/GHSA-qf8j-jp7h-c5hx VENDOR security-advisories@github.com
https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/tree/24.0.0-pre1 VENDOR security-advisories@github.com

Information gaps & confidence notes

These gaps indicate missing source data. CVE Watch does not fill them with guessed product, exploit or patch details.

NVD does not currently provide machine-readable vulnerable CPE product/version entries for this record.

Last enrichment: 2026-11-04T13:03:57+00:00 · Source last modified: 2026-11-03T13:17:22.567

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